Aerosol deposition is also important to the surface properties. The cloud response will also differ depending on how the attenuated solar radiation affects the surface and boundary layer turbulent fluxes (e.g., if the surface is ocean or land). Clouds can thicken, for example through an increase in the lower-tropospheric stability, or thin, for example through a decrease of relative humidity if temperatures increase in the boundary layer. The small-scale radiative-cloud interactions will depend on the relative vertical cloud-aerosol location. The aerosol impacts depend on the amount of sunlight absorbed, which in turn is sensitive to the single-scattering albedo, the aerosol loading, and the albedo underlying the aerosol layer. The diabatic heating from shortwave absorption provides a warming to climate, affecting regional cloud and precipitation patterns. Prevailing wind patterns can transport the dust and smoke far from their sources, providing vast spatial coverages. ![]() Aerosols capable of absorbing sunlight such as smoke and dust interact with their larger-scale environment through processes that are distinct from those linked to scattering-only aerosols.
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